**Introduction**

Water damage can be a devastating event for homeowners and businesses alike. It can cause extensive damage to property, including structural damage, ruined furnishings, and the growth of mold and mildew. To prevent or mitigate water damage, it is important to understand the various causes and types of water damage.

### Causes of Water Damage

Water damage can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

**Burst pipes** – One common cause of water damage is burst pipes. This can occur due to freezing temperatures, water pressure fluctuations, or pipe corrosion.

**Leaks** – Leaks in roofs, walls, or appliances can also lead to water damage. These leaks can be caused by a variety of factors, including faulty plumbing, cracked seals, or improper installation.

**Flooding** – Flooding can occur due to heavy rains, overflowing rivers or lakes, or broken dams. Flooding can cause significant water damage to property and can also pose health risks due to the presence of contaminated water.

**Sewer backups** – Sewer backups can occur when the sewer line becomes clogged or damaged. This can lead to raw sewage backing up into homes or businesses, causing significant water damage and health hazards.

**Water ingress** – Water ingress occurs when water enters a building through gaps or cracks in the exterior walls, windows, or doors. This can be caused by heavy rainfall, wind-driven rain, or flooding.

**Most Common Cause of Water Damage**

The most common cause of water damage is burst pipes. This is especially prevalent in areas that experience extreme cold, as freezing temperatures can cause pipes to become brittle and burst.

### Types of Water Damage

There are two main types of water damage:

**Clean water damage** – Clean water damage is caused by water that is free of contaminants. This type of water damage can occur from leaks, burst pipes, or water ingress.

**Black water damage** – Black water damage is caused by water that is contaminated with sewage, floodwater, or other harmful substances. This type of water damage is considered a health hazard and requires immediate attention.

### Preventing Water Damage

There are several steps that can be taken to prevent water damage, including:

– Regularly inspect pipes and appliances for leaks
– Insulate pipes in areas that are prone to freezing
– Install a sump pump in areas prone to flooding
– Regularly clean gutters and downspouts
– Seal gaps or cracks in exterior walls, windows, and doors
– Elevate valuable items off the floor in areas prone to water damage